A structural change affecting a very small number of countries, beginning with the 2018 edition of Freedom in the World, was the elimination of Additional Discretionary Political Rights Question A. This indicator had awarded points to traditional monarchies that had no political parties or significant electoral processes but provided for some form of consultation with the public. Such consultation is now addressed elsewhere in the methodology.
(d) Discrimination or segregation by an establishment is supported by State action within the meaning of this title if such discrimination or segregation (1) is carried on under color of any law, statute, ordinance, or regulation; or (2) is carried on under color of any custom or usage required or enforced by officials of the State or political subdivision thereof; or (3) is required by action of the State or political subdivision thereof.
Political Support Points Hoi4
For most of the 1880s, Debs continued to preach the virtues of industrial cooperation and to discourage confrontations with either employers or the government. He began a successful political career, winning election in 1879 and 1881 as the city clerk of Terre Haute, and served one term in the Indiana State Assembly in 1884. One year later, he married Katherine Metzel, the daughter of prosperous German immigrants who owned a local drugstore. (The couple would have no children.) In 1886, Debs also joined other railroad brotherhood officials in refusing to support the Knights of Labor strike against Jay Gould's railroad line, and he let the organization of the AFL and its national general strike for the eight-hour-day pass without comment in his magazine.
Shia and Kurdish leaders formed a political coalition to support Prime Minister Maliki after a Sunni faction quit the coalition government on August 1. On August 29, al-Sadr suspended military operations by his Mahdi Army militia for six months after street battles with Iraqi forces in Karbala.
Long was a strident isolationist and political nationalist who opposed American intervention abroad and was a strong supporter of tariffs, with Long labelling himself a "tariff Democrat". Along with supporting tariffs, he advocated that the American government disassociate from European efforts to settle war debts and to grant independence to the Philippines.[31] Long argued that Standard Oil had backed rebellions across Latin America to install puppet governments that would be beholden to the company's interests. In 1934, Long claimed that Standard Oil was backing the Bolivian government to make war with Paraguay over the oil-rich northern Grand Chaco region after the latter had refused to grant favorable leasing terms to the company.[32]
However, conservative historian Glen Jeansonne argued that Long was "more racist, less unbiased, less principled, and less different from other Louisiana politicians of his time than the [historical] literature implies."[49] Long had never faced a serious election that hinged on questions of race or racism. This was largely because after the Louisiana Constitution of 1898, which virtually disenfranchised blacks by raising barriers to voter registration, was ratified, "race was an irrelevant political issue" and black Louisianians "were segregated, ghettoized, ignored."[49][50] Long never had to address the subject of race in politics.[49] Jeansonne also points out that if Long intended to help black Louisianians with his social program, it seems likely that he would have attempted to engage and enfranchise more black voters so as to secure their political support. This, however, was not the case. During Long's tenure as governor, the number of registered black voters declined.[50] In a 1935 interview, Long explained "A lot of guys would have been politically murdered for what I've been able to do quietly for the niggers. But do you think I could get away with niggers voting? No siree!" Long also declined to support federal anti-lynching legislation: "Can't do the dead nigra no good."[51]
In the meantime, the Head of Mission and DPKO-DFS lead the planning for the political, military, operational and support (i.e., logistics and administration) aspects of the peacekeeping operation. The planning phase usually involves the establishment of a Headquarters-based joint working group or integrated mission task force, with participation of all relevant UN departments, funds and programmes.
Populism and progressivism are two political movements getting a great deal of attention these days. Both in Europe and elsewhere, many countries have elected governments that have been called populist, while progressive policies and parties are gaining more and more support. But what do these terms mean, what defines a populist or progressive, and how are they similar or different?
We fully support the points made by UN Secretary General António Guterres in the "New Agenda for Peace" on the importance of reducing strategic security risks through preventive regional activities and agree with his assessment that regional security organizations play a central role in maintaining peace and preventing and overcoming instability. For its part, the CSTO is aimed at the effective implementation of these tasks in its area of responsibility and has the necessary capacity.
In fact, this was the first time that the CSTO's peacekeeping potential had to be put to practical use. At the same time, it should be noted that the task of eliminating threats to security and stability was accomplished in the shortest possible time. I emphasize that the effect of the operation was achieved largely due to the moral and political support of the Republic of Kazakhstan by its CSTO allies and the well-coordinated actions of peacekeepers, who arrived in the shortest possible time and departed after the completion of the operation. It is gratifying that not a single shot was fired by our peacekeepers during the entire operation. The peacekeeping units were used exclusively to protect critical infrastructure and prevent a humanitarian disaster. 2ff7e9595c
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